International journal of crisis & safety

Purpose: This study was attempted to find out the influencing factors of self-leadership in nursing college students. Method: This study is a descriptive research study to identify the correlation between family intimacy, interpersonal relationship tendency, communication ability, self-leadership and the factors influencing self-leadership. Data collection was conducted from June 7 to June 20, 2020, targeting 236 nursing universities located in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do. Results: The subjects' family intimacy, interpersonal tendency, communication ability, and self-leadership showed statistically significant correlations in the positive direction. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the F value of the regression model fit was statistically significant at 42.29(<.001). Factors influencing self-leadership were family intimacy, interpersonal relationship tendency, and communication ability. Conclusion: In order to help nursing students adapt to college life, it is necessary to develop self-leadership, which is an individual's inner ability, develop a curriculum that strengthens interpersonal skills, and develop curriculum and comparison programs to enhance coping methods.

Purpose: Drugs made for medical purposes could have been a mysterious potion if they were used only for their original purpose, but the reason why many people are concerned about the safety of mankind due to the enormous destructive power of drugs. It may be close to instinct for people to avoid pain and discomfort, chase joy, and pleasure, but if they borrow the power of drugs for this pleasure, the price will return to tremendous harm like boomerang. Research policy countermeasures against new drugs crime in Korea. Method: Traditional drugs are usually classified into natural drugs, synthetic drugs, and psychotropic drugs. Through the classification and definition of drugs, the characteristics of new drugs are identified and the current status of distribution of new drugs is analyzed. Policy countermeasures are derived through foreign cases. By analyzing the characteristics of crimes against new drugs, the government will subdivide punishment standards for temporary drugs and study ways to prepare bills to quickly punish the inhalation of unspecified hallucinogenic substances. Results: In order to cope with new drugs at this point, the priority introduction of a unified one-stop system through transnational institutions is required. Through this, it is necessary to establish a system that can focus on responding to crimes related to new drugs by integrating the system of crackdown agencies that are currently sporadically divided, such as the police, prosecutors, the Korea Maritime Police Agency, and the Korea Customs Service. In addition, continuous management is needed through linkage with treatment and rehabilitation facilities. Conclusion: Laws should be prepared to analyze the characteristics of crimes against new drugs to subdivide punishment standards for temporary drugs and to promptly punish the inhalation of unspecified hallucinogenic substances. In addition, crackdown and punishment on drug offenders are important, but it should not be forgotten that continuous management through connection with treatment and rehabilitation facilities is necessary to fundamentally prevent recidivism of drug offenders.

Purpose: This study is to design a program model to improve the ability of young children to solve safety problems. Because safety has a dynamic relationship with life psychologically and physically, it not only affects the quality of life of infants but also can be directly connected to life, so the purpose of this study is to develop a method to improve thinking ability to solve problems in safety situations. Method: For this purpose, seven areas of safety related picture books were selected based on the seven standards of school safety: life safety, traffic safety, violence and personal safety, drug cyber addiction safety, disaster safety, occupational safety and first aid. Results: This study is to construct a model system. The model system can convert safety-related picture books into experiences that can occur in the life of young children and repeat the experience of solving problems through musical drama activities Conclusion: The musical drama activities using safety-related picture books proposed in this paper will improve the safety problem solving thinking ability of young children. This is difficult to expect the effect of early childhood safety education when it is conducted with knowledge. The musical drama program model using safety-related picture books has significance in that it experiences problem solving while experiencing the experience with the child's own understanding and reasoning repeatedly based on the safety situation. In conclusion, safety problems are the ability to improve through the experience of solving the children themselves.

Purpose: This Study aimed to investigate elementary school teacher’s knowledge, attitude regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation(CPR) and Explore which factors affect their intention to performance CPR. Method: Data were collected from March 1 to November 30, 2019 from 164 elementary school teacher’s. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 23.0 program for descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and logistic regression. Results: There were significant differences in knowledge and attitude and intention to performance CPR ac –cording to education satisfaction. There were positive correlation between attitude and intention to performance CPR. Factors influencing. These factors explained 15.0% of the variance in intention to perform the CPR. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that In CPR education, it is important to develop and apply standardized programs such as education contents, education time, and education methods, and it is necessary to operate effective CPR education programs by conducting education that meets the educational needs of the subjects.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine and understand the effect of academic burnout of elementary school students on the smartphone game addiction and investigate as to what mediating effects of anxiety and ADHD tendency have in this process. Method: A survey was conducted targeting 654 elementary school students from two elementary schools in the capital area, and the levels of academic burnout, anxiety, ADHD tendency, and smartphone game addiction were surveyed. The collected data were analyzed based on the structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The results were as follows. First, the academic burnout turned out to directly or indirectly increase the smartphone game addiction. Second, anxiety turned out to indirectly increase the smartphone game addiction, while the ADHD tendency directly increased the smartphone game addiction. Third, three pathways of academic burnout on the smartphone game addiction were verified, where the direct pathway of 'academic burnout → smartphone game addiction' and the two indirect pathways of ‘academic burnout → ADHD tendency, → smartphone game addiction’ and ‘academic burnout → anxiety → ADHD tendency → smartphone game addiction’ turned out to be significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that in order to prevent the smartphone game addiction of the elementary school students, the intervention for academic and emotional problems such as academic burnout, anxiety, and ADHD tendency ought to be conducted together.

Purpose: Life expectancy of human beings has increased due to marked advancement of medical science. Along with this increase, people are becoming more interested in living longer in good health, which in turn has imparted significant effects on dietary life. As such, the advantageous physiological characteristics of food items are being highlighted and gaining in popularity. Therefore, this study is concerned with production of “tteok”(rice cake) with the addition of walnut, a functional ingredient capable of suppressing oxidation and thus having significant effects with regard to diseases. Method: Based on various research data, it is known that continuous walnut consumption is effective for inducing antioxidation in the human body. Moreover, from experimental results of studies on cancer and stress-mediated diseases, it is known that phenols and flavonoids are effective in inducing antioxidation. Accordingly, this study is aimed at examining the extent of the antioxidation effect from the addition of walnut when making Seolgitteok with non-glutinous rice, as well as the commercial value of that effect. Results: For this purpose, the correlation between walnut contents of 0%, 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%, as the control group, phenol and flavonoid The content was correlated with the dose through DPPH and ABTS elimination. The chromaticity and other properties of steamed Seolgitteok were quantified through sensory evaluation to identify the optimal walnut content for commercialization. Conclusion: Accordingly, the results of this study were deemed to be helpful for purposes of qualitative improvement of the tteok industry by disclosing the physiological characteristics of Seolgitteok containing walnut.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the multicultural acceptance perception survey to verify the relationship between each demographic and social factor, contact factor, and multicultural education and multicultural acceptance, and to suggest measures to improve multicultural acceptance by region. Most of the preceding studies in Korea have proven simple relevance through multicultural acceptance analysis, but this study focuses on local autonomy and suggests the justification for multicultural acceptance education and central government budget allocation. Method: This study used the data from the 2018 General Public Multicultural Acceptance Survey, the most recent data of the General Public Multicultural Acceptance Survey conducted every three years by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family to verify variables affecting multicultural acceptance. This survey selected a total of 4,006 men and 1,970 women as a probability sample (multistage stratified sample by region, gender, and age) based on the 2016 Population and Housing Census(Statistics Office). The variables in this study were the dependent variables such as multicultural acceptance score(subordinate variable), demographic factor, contact factor, and multicultural education(independent variable), and regression analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0, a statistical program. Results: As a result of the statistical analysis of this study, it was found that in the case of demographic factors, men, younger age, and higher education had a positive effect on multicultural acceptance. Looking at the contact factors, as direct contact, multicultural events, festivals, and strong relationships with foreigners could increase multicultural acceptance. In the case of indirect contact, multicultural acceptance could be increased when exposed to positive mass media content. In the case of the number of multicultural education sessions, the more education received, the more positive the acceptance was. On the other hand, it was found that household income, occupation and foreign contact, which were factors that had a significant influence in previous studies, did not have a significant effect in this study. Conclusion: This study, which identified the factors affecting multicultural acceptance by using statistical analysis, believes that it has a value to contribute to preparing measures to improve multicultural acceptance suitable for local governments. In the case of local governments, multicultural education can be conducted by selecting groups by gender, age and educational background. In addition, festivals and events with foreigners can be planned, and positive foreign-related broadcasts can be planned on YouTube videos promoted by local broadcasters or local governments.

Purpose: As the number of foreign plants adapted to the urban environment increased, urban plants that could grow and adapt to the city appeared. These plants invade the existing ecosystem and provide direct and indirect risk factors to plants and humans, such as vegetation disturbance in nature and cities and pollen allergy. This study is expected to be used as a standard for urbanization indicators by selecting indicator species through distribution analysis of naturalized plants. Method: This study was analyzed based on flora survey data for 12 years from 2006 to 2017, the 3rd to 4th National Natural Environment Survey period, including 1200 places(776 map index system numbers). For distribution analysis of naturalized plants, matrix analysis was applied. The researchers analyzed the number of species by frequency of appearance in 162 cities and counties and the number of species by frequency of appearance in 1200 places. In addition, this study classified the distribution grades by the matrix analysis and tried to select the urbanization indicator species by conducting the first and second stages of evaluation. Results: As a result of the second stage evaluation, 34 species were selected. There were 28 species with grades 2 to 3 in the distribution grade. There were 6 species with a naturalization rate of 15% or more and an appearance rate of 40% or more. Species with an urbanization index of 15% or more and an appearance rate of 40% or more were analyzed as 15 species. As a result of synthesizing the evaluation items, researchers selected 6 species as urbanization indicators species. Conclusion: The urbanization indicator species had a low distribution grade, and they had a high frequency of appearance in 17 administrative districts. Researchers selected species of high appearance rates in areas with high naturalization rates and species of high appearance rates in regions with high urbanization indexes. As a result, 6 species were selected, including Juncea, Supina, Coccinea, Great ragweed, Common groundsel, and Asper.